Gingivitis
The teeth and gums are coated with a layer of bacteria and other microorganisms, which together with a binder form the biofilm. Read more about biofilms here:
Biofilm
Bacteria produce waste products from food that settle on tooth and gum surfaces. This is the layer known as plaque.
There are both beneficial and harmful bacteria on the surface of mucous membranes and tooth surfaces.
The harmful bacteria on the gum line surface release substances that cause inflammation (gingivitis) of the gums. Almost all adults have varying degrees of gingivitis, which is experienced as the gum line being sore when using toothpicks and/or the gums bleeding from the gum line when brushing teeth or using toothpicks. Gingivitis will usually heal after an effective and professional dental cleaning and continued high dental hygiene and prevention.
Periodontitis
If gingivitis is not stopped in time, the inflammation will get worse and worse. As part of the inflammation process, the supporting tissue around the tooth will be broken down and you will develop periodontitis (periodontitis). Periodontitis is characterized by the dental pockets becoming deeper and deeper and they become home to bacteria that live best in oxygen-poor conditions. These bacteria release substances that further break down the bone tissue, accelerating the whole process. Without treatment, the tooth will loosen and eventually be lost.
Treatment at the dentist
Treatment can be non-surgical or surgical. The non-surgical treatment consists of cleaning the tooth-root surfaces, partly manually, and partly with ultrasound. Next, the dentist/dental hygienist can kill the bacteria in the gum pockets with LAD (light-activated disinfection), read more about this here:
LAD - Light-activated disinfection
The dentist can help strengthen a healthy biofilm in the dental pockets by adding lactic acid bacteria especially found in the oral cavity, ProlacSan® gel.
You should then continue to take ProlacSan lactic acid bacteria at home yourself.
Read more about ProlacSan®
ProlacSan